Process of making camphene.



UNITED STATES PATENT @EFTQE.

KARL STEPHAN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO' CHEMISCI-IE FABRIK AUF ACTIEN VORM. E. SOHERING, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS OF MAKING CAMPHENE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 725,890, dated April 21, 1903.

' Application filed June 4, 1902. Serial No. 110,226. T Specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.- and five kilograms of water. After cooling Beitknown thatI, KARL STEPHAN, chemist, the product of reaction is acidified and the 0 doctor of philosophy, a subject of the Emcamphene produced driven over with steam. peror of Germany, residing at Berlin, King- Example 2: Ten kilograms of pinene hy- 5 dom of Prussia, German Empire, have indrochlorid are heated for twenty hours to 210 ventedanewandusefulImprovementin Pr oc- Celsius, together with 5.3 kilograms ammoesses of Manufacturing Camphene free from nia-soap (ammonia stearate) and five kilo- 5 5 Ohlorin, of which the following is a specificagrams vof watery ammonia, whereupon the tion. product of reaction is purified in the same The invention relates to the manufacture manner as indicated in the foregoing exof camphene free from chlorin by reacting ample. with bases upon pinene hydrochlorid (bornyl- It is still more preferable not to use the chiorid) in watery solution and using the already-made ammonia-soap, but to combine kaline salts of the higher fatty acids, es-. an excess of watery ammonia with stearic 15 pecially all kinds of soap, as a solvent. In the acid.for example, six kilograms of watery presence of such substances the actionof the ammonia (specific weight 0.9l0)and five bases upon pinene hydrochlorid is performed kilograms of stearic acid, whereby ammonia in a perfect manner even in watery solution. stearate is formed and an excess'of ammonia The manufacture of camphene by heating remains for the action upon the pinene hy- 2o pinene hydrochlorid with dry powdered soap drochlorid.

is known, (Berthelot, Annalen cler Ohemt'e By usingother bases the production of cam- 110, page 367, and O'omptes Rendus 47, page phone takes place in an analogous manner. 266.) In this reaction the alkali is withdrawn In all cases the camphene is obtained free from the alkaline salt of a fatty acid with the from chlorin.

25 formation of free fatty acid, the alkali being I claim as my inventionutilized for splitting the hydrochloric acid off 1. The process of manufacturing camphene from the pinene hydrochlorid. Under the free from chlorin which consists in heating a conditions given (heating to from 240 to 250 hydrogen-haloid compound of pinene with a Celsius for forty hours) the reaction only sucbase in watery solution in the presence of an 0 ceeds when a very large excess of powdered alkali salt of the higher fatty acids as a solsoap is used, according to Berthelot eight vent for said pinene compound, and isolating times the theoretical amount. If, however, the camphene so formed, substantially as set according to my invention an alkaline salt forth. of the higher fatty acids, especially all kinds 2. The process of manufacturing camphene 5 of soaps, be used not as a reagent, but as a free from chlorin which consists in heating solvent for pinene hydrochlorid, and the hypinene hydrochlorid with a base in watery sodrochloric acid be split off by means of bases, lution in the presence of soap as a solvent the reaction proceeds quite smoothly, and for said pinene hydrochlorid, and isolating camphene free from chlorin is obtained in the camphene so formed, substantially as set 40 good yield without using an excess of soap. forth.

It is even sufficient to use half a molecule of In testimony whereof I have signed my soap referred to as pinene hydrochlorid. name to this specification in the presence of Example 1: Ten kilograms of pinene hytwo subscribing witnesses.

drochlorid are heated in an autoclave for 45 twenty hours to from 210 to 220 Celsius, to- KARL STEPHAN' gether with ten kilograms of soap-for in- Witnesses: stance, sodium or potash soap, or a mixture HENRY HASPER, of both-four kilograms of sodium hydrate, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

